O conhecimento tem sido objeto de reflexão e estudo em várias áreas do saber, bem como elemento-chave nas grandes transformações enfrentadas pela humanidade. Assim, a autorreflexão, conforme aponta Jürgen Habermas refere-se a um processo de análise crítica e autorreflexiva realizado por indivíduos e pela sociedade como um todo. A autorreflexão também está associada ao desenvolvimento do entendimento crítico, o que permite que os sujeitos, de modo coletivo avaliem constantemente suas próprias ações e instituições em relação aos padrões de justiça, igualdade (...) e compensação. Em termos mais amplos, a autorreflexão em Habermas está relacionada ao conceito de “espaço público” e à ideia de que uma sociedade saudável e democrática requer um diálogo público aberto e crítico, o que fundamenta a pesquisa-ação. Encontramos na pesquisa-ação uma abordagem que combina a investigação acadêmica com a ação prática para promover mudanças sociais, envolvendo a colaboração entre pesquisadores e membros da comunidade, visando gerar conhecimento relevante e aplicável às questões enfrentadas por estas. Perante o exposto, toma-se como objetivo principal tecer considerações acerca do conceito de autorreflexão para estratégia de produção de dados numa pesquisa-ação crítica. Trata-se de um relato de pesquisa que visa refletir acerca da autorreflexão incorporada na metodologia da pesquisa-ação, principalmente no tocante à formação continuada de profissionais da educação. Nesse contexto, acredita-se que, a partir da autorreflexão crítica tais profissionais possam constituir-se em uma comunidade autocrítica de pesquisadores que investigam suas concepções e ações, possibilitando outros/novos modos de conceber e produzir conhecimentos. (shrink)

O trabalho tem como objetivo geral evidenciar a formação continuada de profissionais da educação a partir das contribuições dos pressupostos habermasianos no tocante à racionalidade comunicativa. Advoga-se acerca da necessidade de pensar novas formas de realizar ações formativas com os profissionais da educação, que os tomem como autores da sua própria prática e sujeitos ativos de conhecimento, por meio da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica e da ação comunicativa de Habermas. Constitui-se como um recorte de um trabalho de conclusão de curso, que teve (...) como foco analisar a trajetória de um grupo de estudo-reflexão com gestores de educação especial no estado do Espírito Santo. Toma Jürgen Habermas como referencial teórico-epistemológico, a partir da Teoria da Ação Comunicativa e dos conceitos de racionalidade comunicativa e instrumental. Como metodologia de pesquisa tem a análise documental dos documentos relativos ao grupo de estudo-reflexão, tais como relatórios e transcrições. Os dados evidenciam a mudança de postura, concepções e práticas dos profissionais envolvidos ao longo dos anos. Os gestores puderam construir ações formativas tanto para os profissionais da educação que atuam nas suas redes de ensino, quanto para si mesmos, de modo coletivo e colaborativo. (shrink)

Toma-se como objetivo tecer considerações acerca do conceito de autorreflexão e emancipação, entrelaçando-o à pesquisa-ação, por meio do diálogo entre Jürgen Habermas, Theodor W. Adorno, Wilfred Carr e Stephen Kemmis. Os conceitos de autorreflexão e emancipação surgem na Escola de Frankfurt através de Adorno e são incorporados por Habermas, que dá outro sentido a eles. Carr e Kemmis, ao refletirem sobre a pesquisa-ação emancipatória na educação, tomam Habermas como alicerce e constituem o conceito de autorreflexão crítica. A partir das considerações (...) dos autores, o artigo reflete acerca da autorreflexão incorporada na metodologia da pesquisa-ação, principalmente no tocante à formação continuada de profissionais da educação. À luz dos pressupostos habermasianos, defendem-se os conceitos de autorreflexão e emancipação pela via da ação comunicativa, na qual o paradigma da consciência é transposto para o paradigma da linguagem. Compreende-se que para Adorno a autorreflexão está atrelada diretamente à liberdade, ao pensamento crítico e à autonomia, que guiam o indivíduo para a emancipação. Enquanto para Habermas, a autorreflexão vincula-se à linguagem e à comunicação, entre dois ou mais sujeitos, que os guiam para a emancipação. Carr e Kemmis inspirados na espiral cíclica proposta por Lewin e na autorreflexão de Habermas, vão defender a espiral autorreflexiva na pesquisa-ação. Diante disso, entende-se que os problemas da educação têm na racionalidade comunicativa perspectivas de mudanças sólidas, especialmente pela via de processos formativos. (shrink)

Considerando a importância dos processos de formação continuada de profissionais da educação, objetiva-se analisar um movimento formativo de Gestores de Educação Especial no ano de 2020, durante a pandemia de Covid-19, por meio das funções mediadoras da relação teoria e prática, sustentada no referencial teórico de Habermas e os autores Carr e Kemmis. Realiza-se uma análise documental de cunho qualitativo do Grupo de Estudo-Reflexão: Gestão de Educação Especial enquanto processo formativo. Os grupos de estudo-reflexão estão alicerçados na pesquisa-ação e se (...) constituem como grupos autorreflexivos. Identifica-se a realização das funções por meio das ações formativas organizadas e implementadas em um movimento cíclico durante o período analisado, além disso, os dados apontam ganhos positivos quando se trata do desenvolvimento autorreflexivo e a emancipação dos sujeitos envolvidos foram vivenciadas as funções mediadoras da relação teoria e prática. A identificação das funções mediadoras se constitui como importante meio de averiguação das condições que tornam possíveis a geração de conhecimentos que sejam valorosos para as redes de ensino. Defende-se a necessidade de discutir, pensar e investir em formações críticas como forma de romper paradigmas instituídos no bojo de uma racionalidade instrumental. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é propor, em confluência com a filosofia de Gaston Bachelard, uma pedagogia do não inspirada na figura do cogito do sonhador para refletir sobre uma educação para a imaginação. Parte-se da filosofia do não de Bachelard para a construção de uma pedagogia do não, expressa como pedagogia do diálogo, que põe em relação complexa e complementar o conceito e a imagem, como prolongamentos do racionalismo aberto e da imaginação criadora. Na sequência, o cogito do sonhador é (...) evocado para o estudo do devaneio e do imaginário, no quadro da imaginação material dos quatro elementos. Esses passos preambulares são necessários para se chegar à educação para a imaginação, cuja dimensão de Bildung se opera por meio da eufemização. Como função da imaginação, a eufemização tende a transfigurar o sofrimento, a morte e o nada em algo aceitável, não como negação, mas como dinamismo prospectivo que tenta melhorar a situação do homem no mundo. Exemplo desse dinamismo são as imagens literárias, com a polissemia e a polifonia que as caracterizam e as alçam ao domínio do estranho e da transgressão em relação à ordem do sentido primário. Desse modo, intenta-se mostrar como a pedagogia do não e o cogito do sonhador se articulam na proposição de uma educação para a imaginação pautada pela função de eufemização. São convocadas para este estudo, além da já mencionada filosofia de Gaston Bachelard, as contribuições teóricas de Gilbert Durand e Jean Jacques Wunenburger. (shrink)

This paper aims to develop a brief analysis of spirituality in the Christian perspective from Luke 10.25-37, emphasizing the existing elective affinities between the notion of spirituality expressed in this narrative and the Ethics of Alterity in Emmanuel Levinas. The method used in this research is the literature review. For methodological reasons, this reflection was developed from the historical-critical exegetical process. The considerations found in this research line up to a prospect that the Other/Next assumes a vital place in the (...) spirituality of the Christian faith. Despite of the existing elective affinities between the Philosophy of Alterity and the Christian spirituality, the relationship between spirituality and ethics is a complex and essential drama for the search field of philosophy of religion. (shrink)

Argumentos evolutivos debunking (AEDs), de maneira geral, têm o objetivo de danificar o status epistêmico de um domínio de crenças ao se apelar para suas origens evolutivas. No horizonte da metaética, AEDs normalmente são direcionados a teses realistas da moralidade e consistem essencialmente em afirmar que se nossas crenças morais sofreram influência significativa de pressões seletivas durante nossa história evolutiva, então se segue algum tipo de ceticismo moral. Um dos argumentos paradigmáticos articulados nessa direção é o Dilema Darwiniano de Sharon (...) Street. Nossa proposta no artigo presente é colocarmos o argumento evolutivo contra o naturalismo (AECN) de Alvin Plantinga – um AED oriundo da filosofia analítica da religião – como possível resposta ao problema do ceticismo moral proposto por Street. Dessa forma, Plantinga pontua que considerações evolutivas tomadas dentro do framework do naturalismo ontológico acarretam em um conflito epistêmico para o sujeito que deseja manter em seu sistema doxástico tanto a crença na teoria contemporânea da evolução, quanto a crença no naturalismo ontológico. Argumentamos, a partir dessa questão, que o Dilema Darwiniano sofre de um problema estrutural por causa do seu comprometimento com a ontologia naturalista, o que faz com que o dilema se generalize em seu escopo e afete, de maneira nociva, crenças não-morais, se tornando autorreferencialmente incoerente. Palavras-chave: realismo moral. Naturalismo. Crenças. (shrink)

This article aims to clarify the sharp contrast between the “short path” of Heideggerian ontology and the “long path” adopted by Ricoeur as a representation of the many necessary mediations in the constitution of his philosophical anthropology. Heidegger breaks into contemporary thought with the publication of his treatise “Being and Time” (1927) as a kind of direct settlement in the field of ontology. In contrast, Ricoeur is seen - and sees himself - as a thinker of conceptual mediations in his (...) long itinerary, since adherence to Husserlian phenomenology and subsequent hermeneutic inflection, passing through confrontations with Freudian psychoanalysis, structuralism and analytical philosophy, to the creation of the book “Oneself as Another” (1990). However, the two philosophers built their works on the common horizon of hermeneutics; therefore, are there possible points of convergence between them? And how could we interpret the relevance of this possible interlocution? These questions cannot be answered without a thorough comparative reading. This text does not intend to answer them, but only to suggest elements for further investigations. (shrink)

One persistent question in jurisprudence relates to the role of morality in the concept of law. For instance, consider the question of whether unjust statutes are laws. Legal positivists say that they’re laws in every relevant sense, while natural lawyers say that they’re not. This article considers a different answer inspired by recent findings in experimental philosophy: there is one relevant sense in which unjust statutes are laws, but also a different relevant sense in which they aren’t. After considering the (...) ways in which this alternative differs from some of the mainstream theories in general jurisprudence, the article argues that it provides more elegant solutions to two problems that have puzzled legal philosophers in the past: the paradox of customary international law and the shifts in legal discourse over history. (shrink)

Appellate Court Modifications Extraction consists of, given an Appellate Court decision, identifying the proposed modifications by the upper Court of the lower Court judge’s decision. In this work, we propose a system to extract Appellate Court Modifications for Portuguese. Information extraction for legal texts has been previously addressed using different techniques and for several languages. Our proposal differs from previous work in two ways: our corpus is composed of Brazilian Appellate Court decisions, in which we look for a set of (...) modifications provided by the Court; and to automatically extract the modifications, we use a traditional Machine Learning approach and a Deep Learning approach, both as alternative solutions and as a combined solution. We tackle the Appellate Court Modifications Extraction task, experimenting with a wide variety of methods. In order to train and evaluate the system, we have built the KauaneJunior corpus, using public data disclosed by the Appellate State Court of Rio de Janeiro jurisprudence database. Our best method, which is a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network combined with Conditional Random Fields, obtained an \ score of 94.79%. (shrink)

Dos textos originais, que possibilitaram as traduções que se seguem, o primeiro compõe o volume 3, número 2, da revista Archiv Für Rechts- Und Wirtschaftsphilosophie, abreviada por ARWP6, publicado em dezembro de 1909. O segundo, por sua vez, é fruto de uma conferência de abertura ministrada por Fritz Berolzheimer na ocasião do III Kongress der Internationalen Vereinigung für Rechts- und Wirtschaftsphilosophie, realizado entre os dias 02 e 05 de junho de 1914 na Akademie für Sozial- und Handelswissenschaften em Frankfurt am (...) Main. A abertura do congresso realizada por Berolzheimer, assim como outras conferências proferidas ao longo do mesmo, foi publicada em Stuttgart pela Franz Steiner Verlag no mês seguinte à realização do congresso, isto é, em julho de 1914 no volume 7, número 4, da ARWP. (shrink)

There has been considerable debate in legal philosophy about how to attribute purposes to rules. Separately, within cognitive science, there has been a growing body of research concerned with questions about how people ordinarily attribute purposes. Here, we argue that these two separate fields might be connected by experimental jurisprudence. Across four studies, we find evidence for the claim that people use the same criteria to attribute purposes to physical objects and to rules. In both cases, purpose attributions appear to (...) be governed not so much by original intention or by moral value as by current practice. We argue that these findings in the cognitive science of purpose attribution have implications for jurisprudential questions involving purposivist legal interpretation. (shrink)

Todas as sociedades possuem uma cultura que dita as regras de ser e de estar em sociedade. A cultura é uma das práticas mais importantes da afirmação da identidade de um povo. As culturas mudam à medida que a sociedade se adapta aos novos modelos de vida. Em muitos casos, o que provoca mudanças é o contato entre povos fazendo com que um grupo assimila práticas do outro. A pesquisa visou compreender a problemática da violência contra as mulheres idosas em (...) São Tomé e Príncipe. Quanto à metodologia a pesquisa usou uma abordagem qualitativa usando como instrumentos de coleta entrevista e o questionário que foram aplicadas em três instituições de acolhimento de pessoas idosas. Da pesquisa se conclui que os idosos em STP merecem respeito por parte da sociedade da política em especial. Concluiu-se que as idosas precisam de ser respeitadas nas suas identidades para que vivam os seus dias com saúde mental adequada. A falta de políticas públicas da proteção dos idosos é preocupante em STP e seria importante que houvesse intervenção rápida do poder público. (shrink)

Os Espaços Discursivos, fundamentados nos conceitos da Teoria do Agir Comunicativo de Jürgen Habermas, possibilita por vias democráticas, debates sobre formação, gestão e inclusão escolar no âmbito das Redes de colaboração estabelecidas entre a universidade, as redes de ensino municipais, estadual e com Instituições de Ensino Superior de países lusófonos; pela via do projeto de pesquisa e extensão. Busca-se compreender o Espaço discursivo como espaço de participação entre sujeitos que mediante o discurso, apresentam argumentos para elaboração de consensos e fortalecimento (...) do entendimento mútuo, no sentido de captar os movimentos vivenciados por pesquisadores e participantes de processos de pesquisa realizados pela via da pesquisa-ação ou investigação-ação; e ainda fomentar a elaboração de espaços formativos colaborativos na defesa da formação humana na perspectiva da inclusão. Optamos por empregar a pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica de cunho qualitativo, para entender como os Espaços Discursivos vêm se configurando no contexto do grupo de pesquisa. Nesse processo inicial de pesquisa, tomamos os argumentos dos participantes nos momentos de constituição da compreensão sobre Espaços Discursivos, nos planejamentos e realização deles. Participaram duas redes municipais de ensino, sendo envolvidos gestores (municipais), estudantes e professores (graduação e pós-graduação), sendo tematizadas a formação, as políticas públicas, a gestão e a pesquisa-ação. É urgente o desafio de aprofundarmos sobre esses processos e é um enorme desafio instaurar a cultura da sustentabilidade da vida, ou seja, promover uma releitura de mundo onde a vida em todas suas relações e contradições seja centralidade. (shrink)

Objective: To explore the strategies that can help individuals mourning a family member’s death from Covid-19 to cope with the loss. Method: We carried out a narrative review on the PubCovid-19 platform using the descriptors “death,” “mourning,” “Covid-19,” and “coping strategies.” Ten articles were included. Results: The strategies found are phone calls, audio recording, letters, and photos, classified as immediate and long-term. These strategies are focused on mental health, which can be adversely affected by depression and psychological disorders. Conclusions: Creating (...) counseling programs for the relatives of those who died from Covid-19 is urgent. They must offer comprehensive, humanized, and continuous mental health care. (shrink)

This article presents a conceptual discussion on the phenomenon of incorporation of tools and other objects in the light of Maine de Biran’s philosophy of the relation between the body and the motor will. Drawing on Maine de Biran’s view of the body as that portion of the material world which directly obeys one’s motor will, as well as on his view (supported by studies in contemporary cognitive science) of active touch as the perceptual modality that is sensitive to objects (...) as fields of forces resisting the perceiver’s movements, we discuss the phenomena of motor incorporation and haptic incorporation, as well as the relation between them. Motor incorporation occurs when something is integrated into the motor system, i.e. when practice enables one to animate an object as directly, effortlessly and fluently as one is able to animate one’s own body. The subject then has the experience of acting there, where the object is located, not at the body–object interface. In order to better understand the phenomenon of motor incorporation, we highlight the phenomenological difference between directly and indirectly moving something. Haptic incorporation occurs when something is integrated into the haptic system, i.e. when an object is used as an instrument for the haptic perception of other objects. Finally, we seek to shed light on the phenomenon of transparency, understanding the transparency acquired by the incorporated object as both a relational property and a matter of degrees. (shrink)

O PROBLEMA DO LICENCIAMENTO DE GRANDES EMPREENDIMENTOS PRIVADOS EM FACE DO DIREITO URBANÍSTICO: ANÁLISE DE UM CASO EMBLEMÁTICO NA PERIFERIA DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DO RIO DE JANEIRO.

This article presents a conceptual discussion on the phenomenon of incorporation of tools and other objects in the light of Maine de Biran’s philosophy of the relation between the body and the motor will. Drawing on Maine de Biran’s view of the body as that portion of the material world which directly obeys one’s motor will, as well as on his view (supported by studies in contemporary cognitive science) of active touch as the perceptual modality that is sensitive to objects (...) as fields of forces resisting the perceiver’s movements, we discuss the phenomena of motor incorporation and haptic incorporation, as well as the relation between them. Motor incorporation occurs when something is integrated into the motor system, i.e. when practice enables one to animate an object as directly, effortlessly and fluently as one is able to animate one’s own body. The subject then has the experience of acting there, where the object is located, not at the body–object interface. In order to better understand the phenomenon of motor incorporation, we highlight the phenomenological difference between directly and indirectly moving something. Haptic incorporation occurs when something is integrated into the haptic system, i.e. when an object is used as an instrument for the haptic perception of other objects. Finally, we seek to shed light on the phenomenon of transparency, understanding the transparency acquired by the incorporated object as both a relational property and a matter of degrees. (shrink)

Recent literature in experimental philosophy has postulated the existence of the abstract/concrete paradox : the tendency to activate inconsistent intuitions depending on whether a problem to be analyzed is framed in abstract terms or is described as a concrete case. One recent study supports the thesis that this effect influences judicial decision-making, including decision-making by professional judges, in areas such as interpretation of constitutional principles and application of clear-cut rules. Here, following the existing literature in legal theory, we argue that (...) the susceptibility to such an effect might depend on whether decision-makers operate in a legal system characterized by the formalist or particularist approach to legal interpretation, with formalist systems being less susceptible to the effect. To test this hypothesis, we compare the results of experimental studies on ACP run on samples from two countries differing in legal culture: Poland and Brazil. The lack of significant differences between those results suggests that ACP is a robust effect in the legal context. (shrink)

Ética y bioética en el mundo científico: una revisión integradora de la literaturaEthics and Bioethics in the Scientific World: An Integrative ReviewThis paper studies the reality of ethical and bioethical issues in the scientific world through an integrative literature review of articles included in three databases. Seven terms from the thesaurus Health Sciences Descriptors were used, from which three combinations were elaborated and used in the three databases. After applying inclusion requirements, a total of 18 articles were selected. Certain misconducts, (...) particularly plagiarism, falsification and data fabrication, have been showing an increasing behavior, which requires more stringent measures in order to control such phenomenon and maintain scientific credibility before society and authorities.Para citar este artículo / To reference this article / Para citar este artigoSouza-Júnior EV, Rosa RS, Guedes TP, Silva CS, Ribeiro DB, Balbinote FS, Souza DF, Teixeira RB, Silva-Filho BF, Sawanda NO. Ética e bioética no mundo científico: uma revisão integrativa. Pers bioet. 2020;24:151-165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pebi.2020.24.2.3Recibido: 30/06/2020Aceptado: 28/07/2020Publicado: 27/11/2020. (shrink)

Uma boa entrevista precisa de uma entrada? Necessitamos aqui, realmente de uma apresentação de nosso entrevistado? Se sim, seremos sintéticos, porque estamos convencidos de que importa a fala de Renato Noguera. Deixaremos que a entrevista diga “algo” sobre ele que não possa ser pinçado rapidamente de seu currículo lattes, produção bibliográfica, palestras e bancas de trabalhos acadêmicos, não sem dizer, contudo, que Noguera é daqueles pensadores que aproximam o conhecimento das pessoas. Não escreve e nem fala como se estivesse em (...) uma Catedral, engomado e asséptico. Noguera é pop: dá entrevistas em programas de televisão com a mesma competência com a qual orienta seus estudantes, desenvolve pesquisas e escreve livros. Já há algum tempo, Renato Noguera é sinônimo de produção inovadora que contraria o epistemicídio negro e rasura as lacunas da filosofia. Nosso entrevistado engrossa as reflexões presentes nesta edição da revista Odeere/UESB, cujo tema central é “Afrofilosofias e saberes diaspóricos: Filosofias pretas nas palmas das mãos”, questionando silêncios de uma ciência branca-cis-euro-hetero-usa-normativa, pouco comprometida com a luta antirracista e a equanimidade. A ele agradecemos por nos conceder um pouco de seu tempo, tendo a internet nos servido de elo. A você dedicamos este trabalho, convidando-a a trilhar um percurso de leitura, o qual, se estivermos de acordo, apresentará: i) reflexão e avanço de conhecimento sobre uma filosofia negra; ii) outros caminhos para a filosofia, mais ao “sul”; iii) reinvenções de percurso de pesquisa, pois, ora, o entrevistado tem se voltado à filosofia para a infância. E por quê? Porque Erês, Ibejis, Exu Mirim, o menino Kiriku dão o que filosofar, tanto quanto Pinóquio, Mickey Mouse, Riquinho Rico ou o Pateta, não é mesmo? Esta entrevista não serve apenas aos estudiosos de filosofia, aos pesquisadores de categorias como raça, etnicidade e justiça cognitiva. Serve aquelxs interessadxs em ensinar e aprender filosofias negras, com vistas a denegrir a Vida numa articulação proativa e biocêntrica em favor da Comunidade. Em uma palavra: Ubuntu! Palavras chave: Filosofia; Afrocentricidade; África. (shrink)

The recent pandemic and consequent lockdown had a substantial impact on mental health and optimism regarding the future. Previous research showed that levels of depression, anxiety, and stress had increased throughout the pandemic. Nonetheless, how individuals cope when faced with adversity may be associated with positive expectations regarding the future. A sample of 274 Portuguese workers with a mean age of 40.86 and work experience of 19.68 years met inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the proposed study. They represented (...) a variety of working classes. We investigated the associations between depression, stress, anxiety, adaptive and maladaptive coping, and optimism while controlling for working experience, gender, and work type. We found that depression was related to lower levels of optimism. However, for participants scoring high on adaptive coping and anxiety, higher scores of optimism were reported. Gender, work type, and experience did not significantly influence the results. These results provide evidence through which positive mental health can be promoted after the pandemic. (shrink)

Ainda assim, a docência... Experiências formativas e reafirmação da escolha pelo magistério Resumo: Este artigo relata os achados de uma pesquisa que buscou identificar e compreender quais experiências formativas vividas por estudantes bolsistas do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) atua de forma a potencializar os processos de socialização profissional que ratificam a escolha inicial pela docência. O estudo é de caráter qualitativo e valeu-se do grupo focal como técnica de produção de dados. A pesquisa foi realizada (...) em 16 cursos de licenciatura, de cinco Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) de Minas Gerais, e revelou que a metodologia de trabalho proporcionada pelo Pibid atua de forma decisiva no processo de descoberta da profissão, em especial as experiências de ensino na sala de aula e o trabalho coletivo em comunidades de práticas. Palavras-chave: Formação de professores; Formação inicial; Licenciatura; Pibid. Even so, teaching... Training experiences and reaffirmation of choice for teaching Abstract: His article reports the findings of a research that sought to identify and understand which training experiences undergone by scholarship students from the Institutional Scholarship Program (Pibid) works in a way that enhances professional socialization processes that ratify the initial choice of teaching. The study is qualitative in nature and used the focal group as a technique for producing data. The research was carried out in 16 undergraduate courses, from five Higher Education Institutions (IES) of Minas Gerais, and revealed that the work methodology provided by Pibid plays a decisive role in the process of discovering the profession, especially teaching experiences in the classroom and collective work in communities of practice. Keywords: Teacher training; Initial formation; Graduation; Pibid. Todavía, enseñando... Experiencias formativas y reafirmación de elección por el magisterium Resumen: Este artículo reporta los hallazgos de una investigación que buscó identificar y comprender qué experiencias formativas vividas por los becarios del Programa Institucional de Becas de Iniciación Docente (Pibid) actúan para potenciar los procesos de socialización profesional que ratifican la elección inicial de enseñando. El estudio es cualitativo y utilizó el grupo focal como técnica para la producción de datos. La investigación se realizó en 16 cursos de pregrado, de cinco Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) en Minas Gerais, y reveló que la metodología de trabajo brindada por Pibid actúa de manera decisiva en el proceso de descubrimiento de la profesión, especialmente en las experiencias docentes. en el aula y trabajo colectivo en comunidades de práctica. Palabras clave: Formación docente; Formación inicial; Graduación; Pibid. Data de registro: 29/10/2020 Data de aceite: 22/09/2021. (shrink)

ABSTRACT This text is theoretical and seeks to achieve a double objective. First, it aims to contribute to a more solid understanding of the theory of value derived from the thought of the Genevan linguist Ferdinand de Saussure. To do so, it presents the three different types of value that, according to Bouquet (2004), are included in the Saussurean theory: the value relative to the internal element, the value relative to the systemic element, and, finally, the value relative to the (...) discursive element. Second, this text tries to make the theory of social evaluation in the word known, at least in part, as proposed by the Russian thinker Valentin N. Vološinov. For this purpose, based on Gomes (2023), it seeks to present three key points to understanding this theory: the distinction between meaning and social evaluation, the relationship between social evaluation and the creative character of language, and, finally, the relationship between social evaluation and historical becoming. (shrink)

Female sex steroids can affect the motor system, modulating motor cortex excitability as well as performance in dexterity and coordination tasks. However, it has not yet been explored whether FSS affects the cognitive components of motor behavior. Mu is a sensorimotor rhythm observed by electroencephalography in alpha and beta frequency bands in practices such as motor imagery and action observation. This rhythm represents a window for studying the activity of neural circuits involved in motor cognition. Herein we investigated whether the (...) alpha-mu and beta-mu power in the sensorimotor region and the alpha and beta power over frontal, parietal, and occipital regions are modulated differently in the menstrual, follicular, and luteal phases of menstrual cycles in right-handed dominant women. To do so, these women underwent MI and AO in the three menstrual cycle phases. The spectral activity of the cortical regions for the alpha and beta bands were compared between phases of the menstrual cycle and a correlation analysis was also performed in relation to estrogen and progesterone levels. For the hypothesis-based approach, beta-mu event-related desynchronization was significantly stronger in the C3 channel in the follicular phase than in the menstrual and luteal phases. For the data-driven approach, beta ERD during MI was higher in the follicular phase than in the menstrual and luteal phases in the frontal region. These findings suggest the effect of FSS on executive movement control. No effect of menstrual cycle phases was observed in cortical areas investigated during OA, but alpha and beta bands correlated positively with the follicular phase plasma estradiol level. Thus, the attenuation of alpha and beta bands referring to mirror neuron activities appears to be associated with inhibition of cortical activity when estradiol levels are lower, improving cognitive processing of motor action. (shrink)

O artigo propõe uma aproximação entre dois campos de pesquisa distintos, mas com notórias afinidades eletivas: o campo da arqueologia e o da estética filosófica. Pretende-se saber de que modo, no interior do pensamento dialético de Adorno, articulam-se os conceitos de pré-história e proto-história, tendo como fio condutor a temática da arte rupestre e a sua contrapartida moderna, isto é, a reprodutibilidade técnica. Tal aproximação tem como ponto de partida um instigante parágrafo da obra póstuma de Adorno, “Ästhetische Theorie”, presente (...) na subseção assim classificada por Rolf Tiedmann como "Moderne Kunst und Industrielle Produktion", no qual Adorno afirma que há uma convergência entre a arte rupestre e a câmera fotográfica, que se daria na objetivação, isto é, na ação de separar o ato subjetivo do objeto que é visto. A partir desta constatação, a contribuição maior deste artigo estaria em identificar uma espécie de proto-história da reprodutibilidade técnica no mundo pré-histórico. Deste modo, numa perspectiva radicalmente dialética pode-se dizer que o progresso virtual e tecnológico sentido nas últimas décadas não representa algo qualitativamente novo na história humana, sendo apenas um desdobramento de uma tendência já contida na pré-história, algo que nos leva a crer que não conseguimos ainda superar o estado de imanência mítica denunciado amplamente por Adorno e Horkheimer na “Dialektik der Aufklärung. Para demonstrar isto o presente artigo almeja reconstruir as principais linhas de força da "Dialética do Esclarecimento", centrando na categoria de mito. Após, pretende apresentar a relação entre pré-história e proto-história no contexto do pensamento adorniano, especialmente nas obras e nos ensaios do período intermediário de sua bibliografia, tais como “Minima Moralia” e “Prismen”. Por último, deseja apresentar algumas reflexões de Adorno sobre a arte rupestre e a reprodutibilidade técnica presentes na Teoria Estética. (shrink)

Resenha do livro: MOREIRA ALMEIDA, Alexander; COSTA, Marianna Abreu; COELHO, Humberto Schubert. _Science of life after death. _Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2022. 96 f.

Em 1945, uma coleção de manuscritos em língua copta foi encontrada por camponeses egípcios, próxima à cidade de Nag Hammadi. Esta coleção, contendo treze códices feitos de papiro e cobertos com couro, recebeu o nome de Biblioteca Copta Nag Hammadi . Uma importante descoberta para a língua copta, para a história da filosofia antiga e para o cristianismo primitivo, pois esta biblioteca abre-nos uma nova janela sobre o período formativo do cristianismo por fornecer tratados de teologia sistemática, obras exegéticas, epístolas, (...) apocalipses, biografias e diários de viagem, relatos apócrifos da paixão de Jesus e códigos morais de várias fontes e inspirações. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a categoria “luz” no Evangelho de Tomé e no Evangelho de Filipe e fazer um paralelo com a categoria “luz” que aparece no Quarto Evangelho. A idéia sobre a categoria "luz" que aparece nesses manuscritos circularam pela comunidade joanina? A comunidade joanina deixou-se influenciar por algumas idéias ou seitas de sua época? Esses textos demonstram a possibilidade de que tais categorias circulavam anteriormente, mesmo os manuscritos tendo sido copiados décadas ou mesmo séculos depois? Palavras-chave : Nag Hammadi. Luz. Judaísmo. Identidade. Quarto Evangelho.In 1945 some Egyptian farmers discovered a collection of Coptic manuscripts near the city of Nag Hammadi. The collection that consists of thirteen leather-bound papyrus codices received the name Nag Hammadi Library. It was an important discovery regarding the Coptic language as well as the history of ancient philosophy and early Christendom, because this library gives new insights about the period when Christianity produced a huge variety of scriptures. The content of the Nag Hammadi Library ranges from systematic-theological treatises, exegesis, letters, apocalypses, biographies and travel diaries to apocryphic accounts of the Passion of Jesus and moral codices from various sources. The objective of this article is to analyze the category “light” in the Gospel of Thomas as well as in the Gospel of Philip and draw an analogy between the category “light” as it appears in the Fourth Gospel. Did the idea of the category “light” as presented in these manuscripts circulate within the Johannine community? Is it possible that the Johannine community was influenced by certain contemporary religious ideas or sects? Do these texts indicate the possibility that such categories already have been in circulation and the manuscripts were copied for decades or even centuries after its emergence? Keywords: Nag Hammadi. Light. Judaism. Identity. Fourth Gospel. (shrink)

O Projeto de Pesquisa realizado através do NIQ – Núcleo de Ilustrações e Quadrinhos, pelo Centro de Estudos em Design da Imagem da UEMG – UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, tem a pretensão de incentivar alunos da Escola Municipal Secretário Humberto de Almeida em Belo Horizonte-Minas Gerais-Brasil a comunicar a cultura brasileira, em especial às raízes culturais da Capital mineira, através de levantamento e análise de material em quadrinhos na Internet. O objetivo principal é inserir e incentivar esses (...) alunos do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental na pesquisa científica, utilizar de meios que os faça terem interesse por pesquisa. A História em Quadrinho (HQ) como mediadora na transmissão da mensagem entre pesquisadores, professores e alunos do Ensino Fundamental e do Ensino Superior. A internet passa a ser o meio potencial para realização da análise de imagens e de conteúdos textuais existentes nessas Revistas em Quadrinhos. Ao despertarmos suas curiosidades, pensamos em fazê-lo refletir sobre o assunto, buscamos colocar em questão: como abordar a cultura brasileira através dos quadrinhos existentes na Internet? Verificamos que estimula, impulsiona e fortalece o aluno do Ensino Fundamental ao conhecimento e aprendizado cultural, além de mostrar caminhos mais confiáveis para a informação através da internet. O estudo mostra que existe contexto socio-cultural presente nas HQs e que servem de estímulo para jovens estudantes na iniciação cientifica. (shrink)

Table of contentsI1 Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research IntegrityConcurrent Sessions:1. Countries' systems and policies to foster research integrityCS01.1 Second time around: Implementing and embedding a review of responsible conduct of research policy and practice in an Australian research-intensive universitySusan Patricia O'BrienCS01.2 Measures to promote research integrity in a university: the case of an Asian universityDanny Chan, Frederick Leung2. Examples of research integrity education programmes in different countriesCS02.1 Development of a state-run “cyber education program of research ethics” in (...) KoreaEun Jung Ko, Jin Sun Kwak, TaeHwan Gwon, Ji Min Lee, Min-Ho LeeCS02.3 Responsible conduct of research teachers’ training courses in Germany: keeping on drilling through hard boards for more RCR teachersHelga Nolte, Michael Gommel, Gerlinde Sponholz3. The research environment and policies to encourage research integrityCS03.1 Challenges and best practices in research integrity: bridging the gap between policy and practiceYordanka Krastev, Yamini Sandiran, Julia Connell, Nicky SolomonCS03.2 The Slovenian initiative for better research: from national activities to global reflectionsUrsa Opara Krasovec, Renata SribarCS03.3 Organizational climate assessments to support research integrity: background of the Survey of Organizational Research Climate and the experience with its use at Michigan State UniversityBrian C. Martinson, Carol R. Thrush, C.K. Gunsalus4. Expressions of concern and retractionsCS04.1 Proposed guidelines for retraction notices and their disseminationIvan Oransky, Adam MarcusCS04.2 Watching retractions: analysis of process and practice, with data from the Wiley retraction archivesChris Graf, Verity Warne, Edward Wates, Sue JoshuaCS04.3 An exploratory content analysis of Expressions of ConcernMiguel RoigCS04.4 An ethics researcher in the retraction processMichael Mumford5. Funders' role in fostering research integrityCS05.1 The Fonds de Recherche du Québec’s institutional rules on the responsible conduct of research: introspection in the funding agency activitiesMylène Deschênes, Catherine Olivier, Raphaëlle Dupras-LeducCS05.2 U.S. Public Health Service funds in an international setting: research integrity and complianceZoë Hammatt, Raju Tamot, Robin Parker, Cynthia Ricard, Loc Nguyen-Khoa, Sandra TitusCS05.3 Analyzing decision making of funders of public research as a case of information asymmetryKarsten Klint JensenCS05.4 Research integrity management: Empirical investigation of academia versus industrySimon Godecharle, Ben Nemery, Kris Dierickx5A: Education: For whom, how, and what?CS05A.1 Research integrity or responsible conduct of research? What do we aim for?Mickey Gjerris, Maud Marion Laird Eriksen, Jeppe Berggren HoejCS05A.2 Teaching and learning about RCR at the same time: a report on Epigeum’s RCR poll questions and other assessment activitiesNicholas H. SteneckCS05A.4 Minding the gap in research ethics education: strategies to assess and improve research competencies in community health workers/promoteresCamille Nebeker, Michael Kalichman, Elizabeth Mejia Booen, Blanca Azucena Pacheco, Rebeca Espinosa Giacinto, Sheila Castaneda6. Country examples of research reward systems and integrityCS06.1 Improving systems to promote responsible research in the Chinese Academy of SciencesDing Li, Qiong Chen, Guoli Zhu, Zhonghe SunCS06.4 Exploring the perception of research integrity amongst public health researchers in IndiaParthasarathi Ganguly, Barna Ganguly7. Education and guidance on research integrity: country differencesCS07.1 From integrity to unity: how research integrity guidance differs across universities in Europe.Noémie Aubert Bonn, Kris Dierickx, Simon GodecharleCS07.2 Can education and training develop research integrity? The spirit of the UNESCO 1974 recommendation and its updatingDaniele Bourcier, Jacques Bordé, Michèle LeducCS07.3 The education and implementation mechanisms of research ethics in Taiwan's higher education: an experience in Chinese web-based curriculum development for responsible conduct of researchChien Chou, Sophia Jui-An PanCS07.4 Educating principal investigators in Swiss research institutions: present and future perspectivesLouis Xaver Tiefenauer8. Measuring and rewarding research productivityCS08.1 Altimpact: how research integrity underpins research impactDaniel Barr, Paul TaylorCS08.2 Publication incentives: just reward or misdirection of funds?Lyn Margaret HornCS08.3 Why Socrates never charged a fee: factors contributing to challenges for research integrity and publication ethicsDeborah Poff9. Plagiarism and falsification: Behaviour and detectionCS09.1 Personality traits predict attitude towards plagiarism of self and others in biomedicine: plagiarism, yes we can?Martina Mavrinac, Gordana Brumini, Mladen PetrovečkiCS09.2 Investigating the concept of and attitudes toward plagiarism for science teachers in Brazil: any challenges for research integrity and policy?Christiane Coelho Santos, Sonia VasconcelosCS09.3 What have we learnt?: The CrossCheck Service from CrossRefRachael LammeyCS09.4 High p-values as a sign of data fabrication/falsificationChris Hartgerink, Marcel van Assen, Jelte Wicherts10. Codes for research integrity and collaborationsCS10.1 Research integrity in cross-border cooperation: a Nordic exampleHanne Silje HaugeCS10.3 Research integrity, research misconduct, and the National Science Foundation's requirement for the responsible conduct of researchAaron MankaCS10.4 A code of conduct for international scientific cooperation: human rights and research integrity in scientific collaborations with international academic and industry partnersRaffael Iturrizaga11. Countries' efforts to establish mentoring and networksCS11.1 ENRIO : a network facilitating common approaches on research integrity in EuropeNicole FoegerCS11.2 Helping junior investigators develop in a resource-limited country: a mentoring program in PeruA. Roxana Lescano, Claudio Lanata, Gissella Vasquez, Leguia Mariana, Marita Silva, Mathew Kasper, Claudia Montero, Daniel Bausch, Andres G LescanoCS11.3 Netherlands Research Integrity Network: the first six monthsFenneke Blom, Lex BouterCS11.4 A South African framework for research ethics and integrity for researchers, postgraduate students, research managers and administratorsLaetus OK Lategan12. Training and education in research integrity at an early career stageCS12.1 Research integrity in curricula for medical studentsGustavo Fitas ManaiaCS12.2 Team-based learning for training in the responsible conduct of research supports ethical decision-makingWayne T. McCormack, William L. Allen, Shane Connelly, Joshua Crites, Jeffrey Engler, Victoria Freedman, Cynthia W. Garvan, Paul Haidet, Joel Hockensmith, William McElroy, Erik Sander, Rebecca Volpe, Michael F. VerderameCS12.4 Research integrity and career prospects of junior researchersSnezana Krstic13. Systems and research environments in institutionsCS13.1 Implementing systems in research institutions to improve quality and reduce riskLouise HandyCS13.2 Creating an institutional environment that supports research integrityDebra Schaller-DemersCS13.3 Ethics and Integrity Development Grants: a mechanism to foster cultures of ethics and integrityPaul Taylor, Daniel BarrCS13.4 A culture of integrity at KU LeuvenInge Lerouge, Gerard Cielen, Liliane Schoofs14. Peer review and its role in research integrityCS14.1 Peer review research across disciplines: transdomain action in the European Cooperation in Science and Technology “New Frontiers of Peer Review ”Ana Marusic, Flaminio SquazzoniCS14.2 Using blinding to reduce bias in peer reviewDavid VauxCS14.3 How to intensify the role of reviewers to promote research integrityKhalid Al-Wazzan, Ibrahim AlorainyCS14.4 Credit where credit’s due: professionalizing and rewarding the role of peer reviewerChris Graf, Verity Warne15. Research ethics and oversight for research integrity: Does it work?CS15.1 The psychology of decision-making in research ethics governance structures: a theory of bounded rationalityNolan O'Brien, Suzanne Guerin, Philip DoddCS15.2 Investigator irregularities: iniquity, ignorance or incompetence?Frank Wells, Catherine BlewettCS15.3 Academic plagiarismFredric M. Litto16. Research integrity in EuropeCS16.1 Whose responsibility is it anyway?: A comparative analysis of core concepts and practice at European research-intensive universities to identify and develop good practices in research integrityItziar De Lecuona, Erika Löfstrom, Katrien MaesCS16.2 Research integrity guidance in European research universitiesKris Dierickx, Noémie Bonn, Simon GodecharleCS16.3 Research Integrity: processes and initiatives in Science Europe member organisationsTony Peatfield, Olivier Boehme, Science Europe Working Group on Research IntegrityCS16.4 Promoting research integrity in Italy: the experience of the Research Ethics and Bioethics Advisory Committee of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Cinzia Caporale, Daniele Fanelli17. Training programs for research integrity at different levels of experience and seniorityCS17.1 Meaningful ways to incorporate research integrity and the responsible conduct of research into undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral and faculty training programsJohn Carfora, Eric Strauss, William LynnCS17.2 "Recognize, respond, champion": Developing a one-day interactive workshop to increase confidence in research integrity issuesDieter De Bruyn, Bracke Nele, Katrien De Gelder, Stefanie Van der BurghtCS17.4 “Train the trainer” on cultural challenges imposed by international research integrity conversations: lessons from a projectJosé Roberto Lapa e Silva, Sonia M. R. Vasconcelos18. Research and societal responsibilityCS18.1 Promoting the societal responsibility of research as an integral part of research integrityHelene IngierdCS18.2 Social responsibility as an ethical imperative for scientists: research, education and service to societyMark FrankelCS18.3 The intertwined nature of social responsibility and hope in scienceDaniel Vasgird, Stephanie BirdCS18.4 Common barriers that impede our ability to create a culture of trustworthiness in the research communityMark Yarborough19. Publication ethicsCS19.1 The authors' forum: A proposed tool to improve practices of journal editors and promote a responsible research environmentIbrahim Alorainy, Khalid Al-WazzanCS19.2 Quantifying research integrity and its impact with text analyticsHarold GarnerCS19.3 A closer look at authorship and publication ethics of multi- and interdisciplinary teamsLisa Campo-Engelstein, Zubin Master, Elise Smith, David Resnik, Bryn Williams-JonesCS19.4 Invisibility of duplicate publications in biomedicineMario Malicki, Ana Utrobicic, Ana Marusic20. The causes of bad and wasteful research: What can we do?CS20.1 From countries to individuals: unravelling the causes of bias and misconduct with multilevel meta-meta-analysisDaniele Fanelli, John PA IoannidisCS20.2 Reducing research waste by integrating systems of oversight and regulationGerben ter Riet, Tom Walley, Lex Marius BouterCS20.3 What are the determinants of selective reporting?: The example of palliative care for non-cancer conditionsJenny van der Steen, Lex BouterCS20.4 Perceptions of plagiarism, self-plagiarism and redundancy in research: preliminary results from a national survey of Brazilian PhDsSonia Vasconcelos, Martha Sorenson, Francisco Prosdocimi, Hatisaburo Masuda, Edson Watanabe, José Carlos Pinto, Marisa Palácios, José Lapa e Silva, Jacqueline Leta, Adalberto Vieyra, André Pinto, Mauricio Sant’Ana, Rosemary Shinkai21. Are there country-specific elements of misconduct?CS21.1 The battle with plagiarism in Russian science: latest developmentsBoris YudinCS21.2 Researchers between ethics and misconduct: A French survey on social representations of misconduct and ethical standards within the scientific communityEtienne Vergès, Anne-Sophie Brun-Wauthier, Géraldine VialCS21.3 Experience from different ways of dealing with research misconduct and promoting research integrity in some Nordic countriesTorkild VintherCS21.4 Are there specifics in German research misconduct and the ways to cope with it?Volker Bähr, Charité22. Research integrity teaching programmes and their challengesCS22.1 Faculty mentors and research integrityMichael Kalichman, Dena PlemmonsCS22.2 Training the next generation of scientists to use principles of research quality assurance to improve data integrity and reliabilityRebecca Lynn Davies, Katrina LaubeCS22.3 Fostering research integrity in a culturally-diverse environmentCynthia Scheopner, John GallandCS22.4 Towards a standard retraction formHervé Maisonneuve, Evelyne Decullier23. Commercial research and integrityCS23.1 The will to commercialize: matters of concern in the cultural economy of return-on-investment researchBrian NobleCS23.2 Quality in drug discovery data reporting: a mission impossible?Anja Gilis, David J. Gallacher, Tom Lavrijssen, Malwitz David, Malini Dasgupta, Hans MolsCS23.3 Instituting a research integrity policy in the context of semi-private-sector funding: an example in the field of occupational health and safetyPaul-Emile Boileau24. The interface of publication ethics and institutional policiesCS24.1 The open access ethical paradox in an open government effortTony SavardCS24.2 How journals and institutions can work together to promote responsible conductEric MahCS24.3 Improving cooperation between journals and research institutions in research integrity casesElizabeth Wager, Sabine Kleinert25. Reproducibility of research and retractionsCS25.1 Promoting transparency in publications to reduce irreproducibilityVeronique Kiermer, Andrew Hufton, Melanie ClyneCS25.2 Retraction notices issued for publications by Latin American authors: what lessons can we learn?Sonia Vasconcelos, Renan Moritz Almeida, Aldo Fontes-Pereira, Fernanda Catelani, Karina RochaCS25.3 A preliminary report of the findings from the Reproducibility Project: Cancer biologyElizabeth Iorns, William Gunn26. Research integrity and specific country initiativesCS26.1 Promoting research integrity at CNRS, FranceMichèle Leduc, Lucienne LetellierCS26.2 In pursuit of compliance: is the tail wagging the dog?Cornelia MalherbeCS26.3 Newly established research integrity policies and practices: oversight systems of Japanese research universitiesTakehito Kamata27. Responsible conduct of research and country guidelinesCS27.1 Incentives or guidelines? Promoting responsible research communication through economic incentives or ethical guidelines?Vidar EnebakkCS27.3 Responsible conduct of research: a view from CanadaLynn PenrodCS27.4 The Danish Code of Conduct for Research Integrity: a national initiative to promote research integrity in DenmarkThomas Nørgaard, Charlotte Elverdam28. Behaviour, trust and honestyCS28.1 The reasons behind non-ethical behaviour in academiaYves FassinCS28.2 The psychological profile of the dishonest scholarCynthia FekkenCS28.3 Considering the implications of Dan Ariely’s keynote speech at the 3rd World Conference on Research Integrity in MontréalJamal Adam, Melissa S. AndersonCS28.4 Two large surveys on psychologists’ views on peer review and replicationJelte WichertsBrett Buttliere29. Reporting and publication bias and how to overcome itCS29.1 Data sharing: Experience at two open-access general medical journalsTrish GrovesCS29.2 Overcoming publication bias and selective reporting: completing the published recordDaniel ShanahanCS29.3 The EQUATOR Network: promoting responsible reporting of health research studiesIveta Simera, Shona Kirtley, Eleana Villanueva, Caroline Struthers, Angela MacCarthy, Douglas Altman30. The research environment and its implications for integrityCS30.1 Ranking of scientists: the Russian experienceElena GrebenshchikovaCS30.4 From cradle to grave: research integrity, research misconduct and cultural shiftsBronwyn Greene, Ted RohrPARTNER SYMPOSIAPartner Symposium AOrganized by EQUATOR Network, Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health ResearchP1 Can we trust the medical research literature?: Poor reporting and its consequencesIveta SimeraP2 What can BioMed Central do to improve published research?Daniel Shanahan, Stephanie HarrimanP3 What can a "traditional" journal do to improve published research?Trish GrovesP4 Promoting good reporting practice for reliable and usable research papers: EQUATOR Network, reporting guidelines and other initiativesCaroline StruthersPartner Symposium COrganized by ENRIO, the European Network of Research Integrity OfficersP5 Transparency and independence in research integrity investigations in EuropeKrista Varantola, Helga Nolte, Ursa Opara, Torkild Vinther, Elizabeth Wager, Thomas NørgaardPartner Symposium DOrganized by IEEE, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics EngineersRe-educating our author community: IEEE's approach to bibliometric manipulation, plagiarism, and other inappropriate practicesP6 Dealing with plagiarism in the connected world: An Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers perspectiveJon RokneP7 Should evaluation of raises, promotion, and research proposals be tied to bibliometric indictors? What the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers is doing to answer this questionGianluca SettiP8 Recommended practices to ensure conference content qualityGordon MacPhersonPartner Symposium EOrganized by the Committee on Freedom and Responsibility in the Conduct of Science of ICSU, the International Council for ScienceResearch assessment and quality in science: perspectives from international science and policy organisationsP9 Challenges for science and the problems of assessing researchEllen HazelkornP10 Research assessment and science policy developmentCarthage SmithP11 Research integrity in South Africa: the value of procedures and processes to global positioningRobert H. McLaughlinP12 Rewards, careers and integrity: perspectives of young scientists from around the worldTatiana Duque MartinsPartner Symposium FOrganized by the Online Resource Center for Ethics Education in Engineering and Science / Center for Engineering, Ethics, and Society of the National Academy of EngineeringP13 Research misconduct: conceptions and policy solutionsTetsuya Tanimoto, Nicholas Steneck, Daniele Fanelli, Ragnvald Kalleberg, Tajammul HusseinPartner Symposium HOrganized by ORI, the Office of Research Integrity; Universitas 21; and the Asia Pacific Research Integrity NetworkP14 International integrity networks: working together to ensure research integrityPing Sun, Ovid Tzeng, Krista Varantola, Susan ZimmermanPartner Symposium IOrganized by COPE, the Committee on Publication EthicsPublication without borders: Ethical challenges in a globalized worldP15 Authorship: credit and responsibility, including issues in large and interdisciplinary studiesRosemary ShinkaiPartner Symposium JOrganized by CITI, the Cooperative Institutional Training InitiativeExperiences on research integrity educational programs in Colombia, Costa Rica and PeruP16 Experiences in PeruRoxana LescanoP17 Experiences in Costa RicaElizabeth HeitmanP18 Experiences in ColumbiaMaria Andrea Rocio del Pilar Contreras NietoPoster Session B: Education, training, promotion and policyPT.01 The missing role of journal editors in promoting responsible researchIbrahim Alorainy, Khalid Al-WazzanPT.02 Honorary authorship in Taiwan: why and who should be in charge?Chien Chou, Sophia Jui-An PanPT.03 Authorship and citation manipulation in academic researchEric Fong, Al WilhitePT.04 Open peer review of research submission at medical journals: experience at BMJ Open and The BMJTrish GrovesPT.05 Exercising authorship: claiming rewards, practicing integrityDésirée Motta-RothPT.07 Medical scientists' views on publication culture: a focus group studyJoeri Tijdink, Yvo SmuldersPoster Session B: Education, training, promotion and policyPT.09 Ethical challenges in post-graduate supervisionLaetus OK LateganPT.10 The effects of viable ethics instruction on international studentsMichael Mumford, Logan Steele, Logan Watts, James Johnson, Shane Connelly, Lee WilliamsPT.11 Does language reflect the quality of research?Gerben ter Riet, Sufia Amini, Lotty Hooft, Halil KilicogluPT.12 Integrity complaints as a strategic tool in policy decision conflictsJanneke van Seters, Herman Eijsackers, Fons Voragen, Akke van der Zijpp and Frans BromPoster Session C: Ethics and integrity intersectionsPT.14 Regulations of informed consent: university-supported research processes and pitfalls in implementationBadaruddin Abbasi, Naif Nasser AlmasoudPT.15 A review of equipoise as a requirement in clinical trialsAdri LabuschagnePT.16 The Research Ethics Library: online resource for research ethics educationJohanne Severinsen, Espen EnghPT.17 Research integrity: the view from King Abdulaziz City for Science and TechnologyDaham Ismail AlaniPT. 18 Meeting global challenges in high-impact publications and research integrity: the case of the Malaysian Palm Oil BoardHJ. Kamaruzaman JusoffPT.19 University faculty perceptions of research practices and misconductAnita Gordon, Helen C. HartonPoster Session D: International perspectivesPT.21 The Commission for Scientific Integrity as a response to research fraudDieter De Bruyn, Stefanie Van der BurghtPT. 22 Are notions of the responsible conduct of research associated with compliance with requirements for research on humans in different disciplinary traditions in Brazil?Karina de Albuquerque Rocha, Sonia Maria Ramos de VasconcelosPT.23 Creating an environment that promotes research integrity: an institutional model of Malawi Liverpool Welcome TrustLimbanazo MatandikaPT.24 How do science policies in Brazil influence user-engaged ecological research?Aline Carolina de Oliveira Machado Prata, Mark William NeffPoster Session E: Perspectives on misconductPT.26 What “causes” scientific misconduct?: Testing major hypotheses by comparing corrected and retracted papersDaniele Fanelli, Rodrigo Costas, Vincent LarivièrePT.27 Perception of academic plagiarism among dentistry studentsDouglas Leonardo Gomes Filho, Diego Oliveira GuedesPT. 28 a few bad apples?: Prevalence, patterns and attitudes towards scientific misconduct among doctoral students at a German university hospitalVolker Bähr, Niklas Keller, Markus Feufel, Nikolas OffenhauserPT. 29 Analysis of retraction notices published by BioMed CentralMaria K. Kowalczuk, Elizabeth C. MoylanPT.31 "He did it" doesn't work: data security, incidents and partnersKatie SpeanburgPoster Session F: Views from the disciplinesPT.32 Robust procedures: a key to generating quality results in drug discoveryMalini Dasgupta, Mariusz Lubomirski, Tom Lavrijssen, David Malwitz, David Gallacher, Anja GillisPT.33 Health promotion: criteria for the design and the integrity of a research projectMaria Betânia de Freitas Marques, Laressa Lima Amâncio, Raphaela Dias Fernandes, Oliveira Patrocínio, and Cláudia Maria Correia Borges RechPT.34 Integrity of academic work from the perspective of students graduating in pharmacy: a brief research studyMaria Betânia de Freitas Marques, Cláudia Maria Correia Borges Rech, Adriana Nascimento SousaPT.35 Research integrity promotion in the Epidemiology and Health Services, the journal of the Brazilian Unified Health SystemLeila Posenato GarciaPT.36 When are clinical trials registered? An analysis of prospective versus retrospective registration of clinical trials published in the BioMed Central series, UKStephanie Harriman, Jigisha PatelPT.37 Maximizing welfare while promoting innovation in drug developmentFarida LadaOther posters that will be displayed but not presented orally:PT.38 Geoethics and the debate on research integrity in geosciencesGiuseppe Di Capua, Silvia PeppoloniPT.39 Introducing the Professionalism and Integrity in Research Program James M. DuBois, John Chibnall, Jillon Van der WallPT.40 Validation of the professional decision-making in research measureJames M. DuBois, John Chibnall, Jillon Van der Wall, Raymond TaitPT.41 General guidelines for research ethicsJacob HolenPT. 42 A national forum for research ethicsAdele Flakke Johannessen, Torunn EllefsenPT.43 Evaluation of integrity in coursework: an approach from the perspective of the higher education professorClaudia Rech, Adriana Sousa, Maria Betânia de Freitas MarquesPT.44 Principles of geoethics and research integrity applied to the European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and Water Column Observatory, a large-scale European environmental research infrastructureSilvia Peppoloni, Giuseppe Di Capua, Laura BeranzoliF1 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of fundersPaulo S.L. Beirão, Susan ZimmermanF2 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of countriesSabine Kleinert, Ana MarusicF3 Focus track on improving research systems: the role of institutionsMelissa S. Anderson, Lex Bouter. (shrink)

Disagreement on law’s relationship to morality has long been driven by disagreement about our ordinary concept. Until recently, however, there had been no systematic investigation of lay intuitions. In this paper, we advance this nascent effort. Across two studies (N = 697), our findings reveal that most people consider law to be more than a matter of political circumstance alone. Contrary to the expectations of most contemporary philosophers, morality (both substantive and procedural) emerges as a key influence on judgments of (...) legal validity: many people say that conduct prohibited by immoral statutes is not truly illegal, and that immoral conduct which was never explicitly prohibited is truly illegal. This suggests that people often treat law as a dual character concept that, like the concepts of scientist or of artist, features autonomous concrete and abstract dimensions. (shrink)

This article explores the ways in which suspects attempt to make putative victims/complainants at least partially responsible for the incidents for which they are investigated, transforming themselves into the victim and the other into the perpetrator. Drawing upon conversation analysis, I examine audio-recorded police interviews for low-level crimes in England and in which suspects have constructed what I refer as counter-denunciations. I argue that suspects accomplish these counter-denunciations through discursive practices that involve, for example (a) contrasting the complainant’s actions with (...) their own innocent conduct; (b) historicizing the event being investigated; and (c) discrediting the complainant’s character—stigmatizing. These practices have in common the suspects’ reliance on the relational and contextual character of the categories ‘offender’ and ‘victim’. (shrink)

O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o modo como as lutas locais e suas movimentações em torno do discurso dos direitos humanos podem ser alçadas à condição de ação política. Trata-se da tentativa de ampliar o conceito de política tendo em vista a potência de transformação contida nos coletivos de subjetividades portadoras de experiências comuns de violência e sofrimento. Fazendo uso do conceito de quilombo, em Beatriz Nascimento, buscaremos fundamentar o alargamento da ideia de política a partir de duas (...) configurações: a disputa por territórios e a conectividade entre saberes específicos e menores oriundos das lutas. Para tanto, cotejaremos o pensamento da autora com a filosofia contemporânea de Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. Nossa hipótese é a de que o conceito de ação política demandaria um alargamento em sua formulação de modo a abranger as variadas e singulares formas de resistência cotidianas. (shrink)

Translated from the French, this book analyzes the paradoxes that fundamentally characterize Nietzsche’s philosophy and texts.

Prescriptive rules guide human behavior across various domains of community life, including law, morality, and etiquette. What, specifically, are rules in the eyes of their subjects, i.e., those who are expected to abide by them? Over the last sixty years, theorists in the philosophy of law have offered a useful framework with which to consider this question. Some, following H. L. A. Hart, argue that a rule’s text at least sometimes suffices to determine whether the rule itself covers a case. (...) Others, in the spirit of Lon Fuller, believe that there is no way to understand a rule without invoking its purpose — the benevolent ends which it is meant to advance. In this paper we ask whether people associate rules with their textual formulation or their underlying purpose. We find that both text and purpose guide people’s reasoning about the scope of a rule. Overall, a rule’s text more strongly contributed to rule infraction decisions than did its purpose. The balance of these considerations, however, varied across experimental conditions: In conditions favoring a spontaneous judgment, rule interpretation was affected by moral purposes, whereas analytic conditions resulted in a greater adherence to textual interpretations. In sum, our findings suggest that the philosophical debate between textualism and purposivism partly reflects two broader approaches to normative reasoning that vary within and across individuals. Keywords: , the concept of law, rules, legal psychology, Hart, Fuller. (shrink)

Este texto tem dois objetivos principais: apresentar o conceito de “lei natural” e aquilo que seria a sua expressão como “lei escrita” e, depois, reinterpretar este conceito a partir de uma perspectiva nietzschiana. Para alcançar este duplo objetivo urge, pois, em primeiro lugar, traçar, nas suas grandes linhas, as vicissitudes que atravessou a teoria da “lei natural” ao longo da tradição #losó#ca até a sua culminância naquelas correntes do direito natural, típicas dos tempos modernos. Convém também assinalar que este conceito (...) encerra no seu bojo, como derivações, as noções de necessidade, de #nalidade e providência. Eis por que, para interpretá-lo e criticá-lo, são utilizadas algumas intui- ções e análises de Nietzsche que, ao longo de sua obra, não cessa de se referir, direta ou indiretamente, a estas questões e, também, àquela de acaso. Não se trata, portanto, de simplesmente apresentar uma crítica de Nietzsche aos conceitos de “lei natural” e “lei escrita”, mas, principalmente, de examiná-los à luz de seu pensamento. (shrink)